Exposure Studies

This page provides a list of scientific studies regarding secondhand smoke exposure. Links to either the study's abstract or full text are provided when available.

SHS Exposure Studies
	Matt, G.E.; Quintana, P.J.E.; Fortmann, A.L.; Zakarian, J.M.; Galaviz, V.E.; Chatfield, D.A.; Hoh, E.; Hovell, M.F.; Winston, C., "Thirdhand smoke and exposure in California hotels: non-smoking rooms fail to protect non-smoking hotel guests from tobacco smoke exposure," Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Epub ahead of print], May 13, 2013.
	Neuberger, M.; Moshammer, H.; Schietz, A., "Exposure to ultrafine particles in hospitality venues with partial smoking bans," Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology [Epub ahead of print], May 8, 2013.
	Sureda, X.; Fernandez, E.; Lopez, M.J.; Nebot, M., "Second-hand tobacco smoke exposure in open and semi-open settings: a systematic review," Envirionmental Health Perspectives [Epub ahead of print], May 7, 2013.
	Gonzalez, M.; Sanders-Jackson, A.; Song, A.V.; Cheng, K.W.; Glantz, S.A., "Strong smoke-free law coverage in the United States by race/ethnicity: 2000-2009," American Journal of Public Health 103(5): e62-e66, May 2013.
	Matt, G.E.; Fortmann, A.L.; Quintana, P.J.E.; Zakarian, J.M.; Romero, R.A.; Chatfield, D.A.; Hoh, E.; Hovell, M.F., "Towards smoke-free rental cars: an evaluation of voluntary smoking restrictions in California," Tobacco Control 22(3): 201-207, May 2013.
	Vardavas, C.I.; Fthenou, E.; Patelarou, E.; Bagkeris, E.; Murphy, S.; Hecht, S.S.; Connolly, G.N.; Chatzi, L.; Kogevinas, M., "Exposure to different sources of second-hand smoke during pregnancy and its effect on urinary cotinine and tobacco-specific nitrosamine (NNAL) concentrations," Tobacco Control 22(3): 194-200, May 2013.
	Koster, B.; Brink, A.; Haunstrup Clemmensen, I., "'Neighbour smoke '-- exposure to secondhand smoke in multiunit dwellings in Denmark in 2010: a cross-sectional study," Tobacco Control 22(3): 190-193, May 2013.
	Licht, A.S.; Hyland, A.; Travers, M.J.; Chapman, S., "Secondhand smoke exposure levels in outdoor hospitality venues: a qualitative and quantitative review of the research literature," Tobacco Control 22(3): 172-179, May 2013.
	Avila-Tang,, E.; Al-Delaimy, W.K.; Ashley, D.L.; Benowitz, N.; Bernert, J.T.; Kim, S.; Samet, J.M.; Hecht, S.S., "Assessing secondhand smoke using biological markers," Tobacco Control 22(3): 164-171, May 2013.
	Avila-Tang, E.; Elf, J.L.; Cummings, K.M.; Fong, G.T.; Hovell, M.F.; Klein, J.D.; MicMillen, R.; Winickoff, J.P.; Samet, J.M., "Assessing secondhand smoke exposure with reported measures," Tobacco Control 22(3): 156-163, May 2013.
	Apelberg, B.J.; Hepp, L.M.; Avila-Tang, E.; Gundel, L.; Hammond, S.K.; Hovell, M.F.; Hyland, A.; Klepeis, N.E.; Madsen, C.C.; Navas-Acien, A.; Repace, J.; Samet, J.M.; Breysse, P.N., "Environmental monitoring of secondhand smoke exposure," Tobacco Control 22(3): 147-155, May 2013.
	Woodward, A., "Measures of exposure to secondhand smoke: recent developments," Tobacco Control 22(3): 145-146, May 2013.
	Lopez, M.J.; Fernandez, E.; Perez-Rios, M.; Martinez-Sanchez, J.M.; Schiaffino, A.; Galan, I.; Moncada, A.; Fu, M.; Montes, A.; Salto, E.; Nebot, M., "Impact of the 2011 Spanish smoking ban in hospitality venues: indoor secondhand smoke exposure and influence of outdoor smoking," Nicotine and Tobacco Research 15(5): 992-996, May 2013.
	Dacunto, P.J.; Cheng, K.C.; Acevedo-Bolton, V.; Jiang, R.T.; Klepeis, N.E.; Repace, J.L.; Ott, W.R.; Hildemann, L.M., "Identifying and quantifying secondhand smoke in source and receptor rooms: logistic regression and chemical mass balance approaches," Indoor Air [Epub ahead of print], April 30, 2013.
	Martinez-Sanchez, J.M.; Blanch, C.; Fu, M.; Gallus, S.; La Vecchia, C.; Fernandez, E., "Do smoke-free policies in work and public places increase smoking in private venues?," Tobacco Control [Epub ahead of print], April 25, 2013.
	Stotts, A.L.; Green, C.; Northrup, T.F.; Dodrill, C.L.; Evans, P.; Tyson, J.; Velasquez, M.; Hammond, S.K.; Hovell, M.F., "Feasibility and efficacy of an intervention to reduce secondhand smoke exposure among infants discharged from a neonatal intensive care unit," Journal of Perinatology [Epub ahead of print], April 25, 2013.
	Paradela, C.; Perez-Rios, M.; Ruano-Ravina, A.; Barros-Dios, J.M., "Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in Chaves after the implementation of the law 37/2007: a cross-sectional study in two healthcare settings," Revista Portuguesa De Pneumologia [Epub ahead of print], April 25, 2013.
	Tung, K.Y.; Wu, K.Y.; Tsai, C.H.; Su, M.W.; Chen, C.H.; Lin, M.H.; Chen, Y.C.; Wu, W.C.; Lee, Y.L., "Association of time-location patterns with urinary cotinine among asthmatic children under household environmental tobacco smoke exposure," Environmental Research [Epub ahead of print], April 23, 2013.
	Kabir, Z.; Keogan, S.; Clarke, V.; Clancy, L., "Second-hand smoke exposure levels and tobacco consumption patterns among a lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community in Ireland," Public Health [Epub ahead of print] April 21, 2013.
	Martinez, C.; Martinez-Sanchez, J.M.; Robinson, G.; Bethke, C.; Fernandez, E., "Protection from secondhand smoke in countries belonging to the WHO European Region: an assessment of legislation," Tobacco Control [Epub ahead of print], April 17, 2013.
	Martin-Pujol, A.; Fernandez, E.; Schiaffino, A.; Moncada, A.; Ariza, C.; Blanch, C.; Martinez-Sanchez, J.M., "Tobacco smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke, and asthma and wheezing in schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study," Acta Paediatrica [Epub ahead of print], April 13, 2013.
	Dinas, P.C.; Metsios, G.S.; Jamurtas, A.Z.; Tzatzarakis, M.N.; Wallace Hayes, A.; Koutedakis, Y.; Tsatsakis, A.M.; Flouris, A.D., "Acute effects of second-hand smoke on complete blood count," International Journal of Environmental Health Research [Epub ahead of print], April 2, 2013.
	Hawkins, S.S.; Berkman, L., "Identifying infants at high-risk for second-hand smoke exposure," Child Care, Health and Development [Epub ahead of print], April 2, 2013.
	Gini, M.; Lianou, M.; Chalbot, M.C.; Kotronarou, A.; Kavouras, I.G.; Helmis, C.G., "Quantification of environmental tobacco smoke contribution on outdoor particulate aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons," Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 64(3): 347-356, April 2013.
	Ballbe, M.; Sureda, X.; Martinez-Sanchez, J.M.; Salto, E.; Gual, A.; Fernandez, E., "Second-hand smoke in mental healthcare settings: time to implement total smoke-free bans?," International Journal of Epidemiology [Epub ahead of print], March 29, 2013.
	Lee, J.T.; Agrawal, S.; Basu, S.; Glantz, S.A.; Millett, C., "Association between smoke-free workplace and second-hand smoke exposure at home in India," Tobacco Control [Epub ahead of print], March 23, 2013.
	Liu, R.; Jiang, Y.; Travers, M.J.; Li, Q.; Hammond, S.K., "Evaluating the efficacy of different smoking policies in restaurants and bars in Beijing, China: a four-year follow-up study," International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health [Epub ahead of print], March 14, 2013.
	Ward, M.; Currie, L.M.; Kabir, Z.; Clancy, L., "The efficacy of different models of smoke-free laws in reducing exposure to second-hand smoke: a multi-country comparison," Health Policy [Epub ahead of print], March 13, 2013.
	Berg, C.J.; Bundy, L.; Escoffery, C.; Haardorfer, R.; Kegler, M.C., "Telephone-assisted placement of air nicotine monitors to validate self-reported smoke-free home policies," Public Health [Epub ahead of print], March 5, 2013.
	Quintana, P.J.; Matt, G.E.; Chatfield, D.; Zakarian, J.M.; Fortmann, A.L.; Hoh, E., "Wipe sampling for nicotine as a marker of thirdhand tobacco smoke contamination on surfaces in homes, cars, and hotels," Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Epub ahead of print], March 4, 2013.
	Stotts, A.L.; Northrup, T.F.; Schmitz, J.; Green, C.; Tyson, J.; Velasquez, M.; Khan, A.; Hovell, M., "Baby's Breath II Protocol development and design: a secondhand smoke exposure prevention program targeting infants discharged from a neonatal intensive care unit," Contemporary Clinical Trials [Epub ahead of print], March 1, 2013.
	Wong, S.L.; Malaison, E.; Hammond, D.; Leatherdale, S.T., "Secondhand smoke exposure among Canadians: cotinine and self-report: measures from the Canadian Health Measures Survey 2007-2009," Nicotine and Tobacco Research 15(3): 693-700, March 2013.
	Patel, V.; Thomson, G.; Wilson, N., "Objective measurement of area differences in 'private' smoking behaviour: observing smoking in vehicles," Tobacco Control 22(2): 130-135, March 2013.
	Kit, B.K.; Simon, A.E.; Brody, D.J.; Akinbami, L.J., "US prevalence and trends in tobacco smoke exposure among children and adolescents with asthma," Pediatrics [Epub ahead of print], February 11, 2013.
	Laden, F.; Chiu, Y.H.; Garshick, E.; Hammond, S.K.; Hart, J.E., "Cross-sectional study of secondhand smoke exposure and respiratory symptoms in non-current smokers in the U.S. trucking industry: SHS exposure and respiratory symptoms," BMC Public Health 13: 93, February 1, 2013.
	Lawhorn, N.A.; Lirette, D.K.; Klink, J.L.; Hu, C.; Contreras, C.; Bryant, T.; Brown, L.F., Diaz, J.H., "Workplace exposure to secondhand smoke among non-smoking hospitality employees,"Nicotine and Tobacco Research 15(2): 413-418, February 2013.
	Thornley, S.; Dirks, K.N.; Edwards, R.; Woodward, A.; Marshall, R., "Indoor air pollution levels were halved as a result of a national tobacco ban in a New Zealand prison," Nicotine and Tobacco Research 15(2): 343-347, February 2013.
	Christophi, C.A.; Paisi, M.; Pampaka, D.; Kehagias, M.; Vardavas, C.; Connolly, G.N., "The impact of the Cyprus comprehensive smoking ban on air quality and economic business of hospitality venues," BMC Public Health [Epub ahead of print], January 27, 2013.
	Xu, Y.; Wu, Q.; Xu, S.; Xu, J.; Wan, X.; Guo, Y., "Environmental secondhand smoke exposure and policy assessment at five venues in Zhejiang Province, China," Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition [Epub ahead of print], January 25, 2013.
	Jones, I.A.; St. Helen, G.; Meyers, M.J.; Dempsey, D.A.; Havel, C.; Jacob, III, P.; Northcross, A.; Hammond, S.K.; Benowitz, N.L., "Biomarkers of secondhand smoke exposure in automobiles," Tobacco Control [Epub ahead of print], January 24, 2013.
	Mohlman, M.K.; Boulos, D.N.; El, S.M.; Radwan, G.; Makambi, K.; Jillson, I.; Loffredo, C.A., "A randomized, controlled community-wide intervention to reduce environmental tobacco smoke exposure," Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Epub ahead of print], January 17, 2013.
	Caman, O.K.; Erguder, B.I.; Ozcebe, H.; Bilir, N., "Urinary cotinine and breath carbon monoxide levels among bar and restaurant employees in Ankara," Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Epub ahead of print], January 16, 2013.
	Levy, D.E.; Rigotti, N.A.; Winickoff, J.P., "Tobacco smoke exposure in a sample of Boston public housing residents," American Journal of Preventive Medicine 44(1): 63-66, January 2013.
	Kovess, V.; Pilowsky, D.J.; Boyd, A.; Pez, O.; Bitfoi, A.; Carta, M.; Eke, C.; Golitz, D.; Kuijpers, R.; Lesinskiene, S.; Mihova, Z.; Otten, R.; Susser, E., "Parental smoking in the vicinity of children and tobacco control policies in the European Region," PLoS One 8(2): e56783, 2013.
	Pacheco, S.A.; Torres, V.M.; Louro, H.; Gomes, F.; Lopes, C.; Marcal, N.; Fragoso, E.; Martins, C.; Oliveira, C.L.; Hagenfeldt, M.; Bugalho-Almeida, A.; Penque, D.; Simoes, T., "Effects of occupational exposure to tobacco smoke: is there a link between environmental exposure and disease?," Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 76(4-5): 311-327, 2013.
	Fronczak, A.; Polanska, K.; Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E.; Bak-Romaniszyn, L.; Korytkowski, P.; Wojtyla, A.; Kaleta, D., "Changes in smoking prevalence and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke among adults in Lodz, Poland," Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 19(4): 754-761, December 31, 2012.
	King, B.A.; Babb, S.D.; Tynan, M.A.; Gerzoff, R.B., "National and state estimates of secondhand smoke infiltration among U.S. multiunit housing residents," Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Epub ahead of print], December 17, 2012.
	Bohac, D.L.; Hewett, M.J.; Kapphahn, K.I.; Novacheck, J.; Grimsrud, D.T.; Apte, M.G.; Gundel, L.A., "Secondhand smoke exposure in the nonsmoking section: how much protection?," Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Epub ahead of print], December 13, 2012.
	Carlsten, C; Dimich-Ward, H.; DyBuncio, A.; Becker, A.B.; Chan-Yeung, M., "Cotinine versus questionnaire: early-life environmental tobacco smoke exposure and incident asthma," BMC Pediatrics 12:187, December 5, 2012.
	Vardavas, C.I.; Anagnostopoulos, N.; Kougias, M.; Evangelopoulou, V.; Connolly, G.N.; Behrakis, P.K. , "Acute pulmonary effects of sidestream secondhand smoke at simulated car concentrations," Xenobiotica [Epub ahead of print], December 4, 2012.
	Mills, L.M.; Semple, S.E.; Wilson, I.S.; MacCalman, L.; Amos, A.; Ritchie, D.; O'Donnell, R.; Shaw, A.; Turner, S.W., "Factors influencing exposure to secondhand smoke in preschool children living with smoking mothers," Nicotine and Tobacco Research 14(12): 1435-1444, December 2012.
	Moreland-Russell, S.; Cyr, J.; Benson, P.; Colditz, G.; Pulley, D.; Barnoya, J., "Study of secondhand smoke exposure in St. Louis City and County suggests need for comprehensive smoke-free Missouri law adoption," Missouri Medicine 109(6): 482-488, November-December, 2012.
	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Indoor air quality at nine large-hub airports with and without designated smoking areas – United State, October-November 2012," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 61(46): 948-951, November 23, 2012.
	Northcross, A.L.; Trinh, M.; Kim, J.; Jones, I.A.; Meyers, M.J.; Dempsey, D.D.; Benowitz, N.L.; Hammond, S.K., "Particulate mass and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure from secondhand smoke in the back seat of a vehicle," Tobacco Control [Epub ahead of print], November 21, 2012.
	Thrasher, J.F.; Nayeli Abad-Vivero, E.; Sebrie, E.M.; Barrientos-Gutierrez, T.; Boado, M.; Yong, H.H.; Arillo-Santillan, E.; Bianco, E., "Tobacco smoke exposure in public places and workplaces after smoke-free policy implementation: a longitudinal analysis of smoker cohorts in Mexico and Uruguay," Health Policy and Planning [Epub ahead of print], November 21, 2012.
	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Comprehensive smoke-free laws - 50 largest U.S. cities, 2000 and 2012," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 61(45): 914-917, November 16, 2012.
	Nabi-Burza, E.; Regan, S.; Drehmer, J.; Ossip, D.; Rigotti, N.; Hipple, B.; Dempsey, J.; Hall, N.; Friebely, J.; Weiley, V.; Winickoff, J.P., "Parents smoking in their cars with children present," Pediatrics [Epub ahead of print], November 12, 2012.
	Caixeta, R.B.; Khoury, R.N.; Sinha, D.N.; Rarick, J.; Tong, V.; Dietz, P.; Hsia, J.; Blutcher-Nelson, G.; England, L.; Shin, M.; Asma, S., “Current tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure among women of reproductive age - 14 Countries, 2008–2010,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 61(43): 877-882, November 2, 2012.
	Wilson, T.; Shamo, F.; Boynton, K.; Kiley, J., "The impact of Michigan's Dr Ron Davis smoke-free air law on levels of cotinine, tobacco-specific lung carcinogen and severity of self-reported respiratory symptoms among non-smoking bar employees," Tobacco Control 21(6): 593-595, November 1, 2012.
	Sureda, X.; Martinez-Sanchez, J.M.; Lopez, M.J.; Fu, M.; Aguero, F.; Salto, E.; Nebot, M.; Fernandez, E., "Secondhand smoke levels in public building main entrances: outdoor and indoor PM2.5 assessment," Tobacco Control 21(6): 543-548, November 1, 2012.
	Semple, S.; Apsley, A.; Galea, K.S.; MacCalman, L. Friel, B.; Snelgrove, V., "Secondhand smoke in cars: assessing children's potential exposure during typical journey conditions," Tobacco Control 21(6): 578-583, November 1, 2012.
	Hewett, M.J.; Ortland, W.H.; Brock, B.E.; Heim, C.J., "Secondhand smoke and smokefree policies in owner-occupied multi-unit housing," American Journal of Preventive Medicine 43(5 Suppl 3): S187-S196, November 2012.
	St Claire, A.W.; Boyle, R.G.; Schillo, B.A.; Rode, P.; Taylor, K.A., "Smokefree home rules adoption by smokers and nonsmokers: Minnesota, 1999-2010," American Journal of Preventive Medicine 43(5 Suppl 3): S197-S204, November 2012.
	Gibbs, F.A.; Tong, V.T.; Farr, S.L.; Dietz, P.M.; Babb, S., "Smoke-free-home rules among women with infants, 2004-2008," Preventing Chronic Disease 9: E164, November 2012.
	Sein, A.A.; Than Htike, M.M.; Sinha, D.N.; Kyaing, N.N., "Exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke among adults in Myanmar," Indian Journal of Cancer 49(4): 410-418, October-December 2012.
	Raute, L.J.; Pednekar, M.S.; Mistry, R.; Gupta, P.C.; Pimple, S.A.; Shastri, S.S., "Determinants of exposure to second-hand smoke at home and outside the home among students aged 11-17 years: results from the Mumbai Student Tobacco Survey 2010," Indian Journal of Cancer 49(4): 419-424, October-December 2012.
	Cochran, C.; Henriques, D.; York, N.; Lee, K., "Risk of exposure to second hand smoke for adolescents in Las Vegas casinos: an evaluation of the Nevada Clean Indoor Air Act," Journal of Health and Human Services Administration 35(2): 231-252, Fall 2012.
	Lopez, M.J.; Fernandez, E.; Perez-Rios, M.; Martinez-Sanchez, J.M.; Schiaffino, A.; Galan, I.; Moncada, A.; Fu, M.; Montes, A.; Salto, E.; Nebot, M., "Impact of the 2011 Spanish smoking ban in hospitality venues: indoor secondhand smoke exposure and influence of outdoor smoking," Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Epub ahead of print], October 25, 2012.
	Hood, N.E.; Ferketich, A.K.; Klein, E.G.; Pirie, P.; Wewers, M.E., “Associations between self-reported in-home smoking behaviours and surface nicotine concentrations in multiunit subsidised housing,” Tobacco Control [Epub ahead of print], October 23, 2012.
	Barnoya, J.; Navas-Acien, A., "Protecting the world from secondhand tobacco smoke exposure: where do we stand and where do we go from here?," Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Epub ahead of print], October 15, 2012.
	Jung, S.; Lee, I.S.; Kim, S.B.; Moon, C.S.; Jung, J.Y.; Kang, Y.A.; Park, M.S.; Kim, Y.S.; Kim, S.K.; Chang, J.; Kim, E.Y., "Urine cotinine for assessing tobacco smoke exposure in Korean: analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 73(4): 210-218, October 2012.
	King, B.A.; Mirza, S.A.; Babb, S.D., "A cross-country comparison of secondhand smoke exposure among adults: findings from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), " Tobacco Control, [Epub ahead of print], September 27, 2012.
	Matsumoto, A.; Ichiba, M.; Payton, N.M.; Oishi, H.; Hara, M., "Simultaneous measurement of urinary total cicotine and cotinine as biomarkers of active and passive smoking among Japanese individuals," Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine [Epub ahead of print], September 26, 2012.
	Repace, J.; Zhang, B.; Bondy, S.J.; Benowitz, N.; Ferrence, R., "Air quality, mortality, and economic benefits of a smoke-free workplace law for non-smoking Ontario bar workers, Indoor.Air [Epub ahead of print] September 24, 2012.
	Klepeis, N.E.; Omoto, J.; Ong, S.; Sahota Omoto, H.; Dhaliwal, N., "Small proportions of actively-smoking patrons and high PM2.5 levels in southern California tribal casinos: support for smoking bans or designated smoking areas," BMC Public Health 12: 819, September 22, 2012.
	Allem, J.P.; Ayers, J.W.; Unger, J.B.; Vollinger, R.E., Jr.; Latkin, C.; Juon, H.S.; Park, H.R.; Paik, H.Y.; Hofstetter, C.R.; Hovell, M.F., "The environment modifies the relationship between social networks and secondhand smoke exposure among Korean nonsmokers in Seoul and California," Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health [Epub ahead of print], September 20, 2012.
	Pisinger, C.; Hammer-Helmich, L.; Andreasen, A.H.; Jorgensen, T.; Glumer, C., "Social disparities in children's exposure to second hand smoke at home: a repeated cross-sectional survey," Environmental Health [Epub ahead of print], September 17, 2012.
	Patel, V.; Thomson, G.; Wilson, N., "Smoking increases air pollution levels in city streets: observational and fine particulate data," Health & Place 18(5): 1202-1205, September 5, 2012.
	Streja, L.; Crespi, C.M.; Bastani, R.; Wong, G.C.; Jones, C.A.; Bernert, J.T.; Tashkin, D.; Hammond, S.K.; Berman, B.A., "Can a minimal intervention reduce secondhand smoke exposure among children with asthma from low income minority families? Results of a randomized trial," Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health [Epub ahead of print], September 4, 2012.
	Apsley, A.; Semple, S., "Secondhand smoke levels in Scottish bars 5 years on from the introduction of smoke-free legislation," Tobacco Control 21(5): 511-513, September 2012.
	Lawhorn, N.A.; Lirette, D.K.; Klink, J.L.; Hu, C.Y.; Contreras, C.; Bryant, T.R.; Brown, L.F.; Diaz, J.H., "Workplace exposure to secondhand smoke among non-smoking hospitality employees," Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Epub ahead of print], August 24, 2012.
	Ramahi, I.; Seidenberg, A.B.; Kennedy, R.D.; Rees, V.W., "Secondhand smoke emission levels in enclosed public places during Ramadan," European Journal of Public Health [Epub ahead of print], August 22, 2012.
	Prokhorov, A.V.; Hudmon, K.S.; Marani, S.K.; Bondy, M.L.; Gatus, L.A.; Spitz, M.R.; Wilkinson, A.V.; Hammond, S.K.; Koehly, L.M., "Eliminating second-hand smoke from Mexican-American households: outcomes from Project Clean Air-Safe Air (CASA)," Addictive Behaviors 38(1): 1485-1492, August 17, 2012.
	Yarnall, N.J.; Hughes, L.M.; Turnbull, P.S.; Michaud, M., "Evaluating the effectiveness of the US Navy and Marine Corps tobacco policy: an assessment of secondhand smoke exposure in US Navy submariners," Tobacco Control [Epub ahead of print], August 7, 2012.
	Schoj, V.; Allemandi, L.; Ianovsky, O.; Lago, M.; Alderete, M., "Smoke-free environments: age, sex, and educational disparity in 25 Argentinean cities," Cancer Causes and Control [Epub ahead of print], August 1, 2012.
	Lopez, M.J.; Fernandez, E.; Gorini, G.; Moshammer, H.; Polanska, K.; Clancy, L.; Dautzenberg, B.; Delrieu, A.; Invernizzi, G.; Munoz, G.; Precioso, J.; Ruprecht, A.; Stansty, P.; Hanke, W.; Nebot, M., "Exposure to secondhand smoke in terraces and other outdoor areas of hospitality venues in eight European countries," PLoS One 7(8): e42130, August 2012.
	Calvert, G.M.; Luckhaupt, S.E.; Sussell, A.; Dahlhamer, J.M.; Ward, B.W., "The prevalence of selected potentially hazardous workplace exposures in the US: findings from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey," American Journal of Industrial Medicine [Epub ahead of print], July 20, 2012.
	Lopez, M.J.; Nebot, M.; Schiaffino, A.; Perez-Rios, M.; Fu, M.; Ariza, C.; Munoz, G.; Fernandez, E., "Two-year impact of the Spanish smoking law on exposure to secondhand smoke: evidence of the failure of the 'Spanish model'," Tobacco Control 21(4): 407-411, July 2012.
	Wilson, T.; Shamo, F.; Boynton, K.; Kiley, J., "The impact of Michigan's Dr Ron Davis Smoke-free Air Law on levels of cotinine, tobacco-specific lung carcinogen and severity of self-reported respiratory symptoms among non-smoking bar employees," Tobacco Control [Epub ahead of print], June 15, 2012.
	Perez-Rios, M.; Schiaffino, A.; Lopez, M.J.; Nebot, M.; Galan, I.; Fu, M.; Martinez-Sanchez, J.M.; Moncada, A.; Montes, A.; Ariza, C.; Fernandez, E., "Questionnaire-based second-hand smoke assessment in adults," European Journal of Public Health [Epub ahead of print], June 8, 2012.
	McCaffrey, M.; Goodman, P.; Gavigan, A.; Kenny, C.; Hogg, C.; Byrne, L.; McLaughlin, J.; Young, K.; Clancy, L., "Should any workplace be exempt from smoke-free law: the Irish experience," Journal of Environmental and Public Health [Epub ahead of print], 2012.
	Ren, Y.; Chen, X.; Stanton, B., "Are urban low-income children from unplanned pregnancy exposed to higher levels of environmental tobacco smoke?," Journal of Pediatric Health Care 26(3): 174 - 181, May/June, 2012.
	Paulik, E.; Maroti-Nagy, A.; Nagymajtenyi, L.; Rogers, T.; Easterling, D., "The role of home smoking bans in limiting exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke in Hungary," Health Education Research [Epub ahead of print], May 30, 2012.
	Radwan, G.; Hecht, S.S.; Carmella, S.G.; Loffredo, C.A., "Tobacco-specific nitrosamine exposures in smokers and nonsmokers exposed to cigarette or waterpipe tobacco smoke," Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Epub ahead of print], May 9, 2012.
	Azab, M.; Khabour, O.F.; Alzoubi, K.H.; Anabtawi, M.M.; Quttina, M.; Khader, Y.; Eissenberg, T., "Exposure of pregnant women to waterpipe and cigarette smoke," Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Epub ahead of print], May 9, 2012.
	Sims, M.; Bauld, L.; Gilmore, A., "England's legislation on smoking in indoor public places and workplaces: impact on the most exposed children," Addiction [Epub ahead of print], April 24, 2012.
	St. Helen, G.; Bernert, J.T.; Hall, D.B.; Sosnoff, C.S.; Xia, Y.; Balmes, J.R.; Vena, J.E.; Wang, J.S.; Holland, N.T.; Naeher, L.P., "Exposure to secondhand smoke outside of a bar and a restaurant and tobacco exposure biomarkers in non-smokers," Environmental Health Perspectives [Epub ahead of print], April 6, 2012.
	Hoh, E.; Hunt, R.N.; Quintana, P.J.E.; Zakarian, J.M.; Chatfield, D.A.; Wittry, B.C.; Rodriguez, E.; Matt, G.E., "Environmental tobacco smoke as a source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in settled household dust," Environmental Science & Technology 46(3): 4174 - 4183, April 3, 2012.
	Gartner, C.E.; Hall, W.D., "Is the socioeconomic gap in childhood exposure to secondhand smoke widening or narrowing?," Tobacco Control [Epub ahead of print], March 30, 2012.
	Hawkins, S.S.; Chandra, A.; Berkman, L., "The impact of tobacco control policies on disparities in children's secondhand smoke exposure: a comparison of methods," Maternal and Child Health Journal [Epub ahead of print], March 29, 2012.
	Moore, G.F.; Currie, D.; Gilmore, G.; Holliday, J.C.; Moore, L., "Socioeconomic inequalities in childhood exposure to secondhand smoke before and after smoke-free legislation in three UK countries," Journal of Public Health [Epub ahead of print], March 23, 2012.
	Protano, C.; Andreoli, R.; Manini, P.; Vitali, M., "How home-smoking habits affect children: a cross-sectional study using urinary cotinine measurement in Italy," International Journal of Public Health, March 21, 2012.
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	Barnett, T.E.; Curbow, B.A.; Soule Jr., E.K.; Tomar, S.L.; Thombs, D.L., "Carbon monoxide levels among patrons of hookah cafes," American Journal of Preventive Medicine 40(3): 324-328, March 2011.
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	King, B.A.; Dube, S.R.; Ko, J.Y., "Secondhand smoke concentrations in hospitality venues in the Pacific Basin: findings from American Samoa, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and Guam," Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 12(11): 2881-2885, 2011.
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	Cordero, A.; Tynan, M.; Babb, S.; Promoff, G., "Smoking restrictions in large-hub airports — United States, 2002 and 2010," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 59(45): 1484-1487, November 19, 2010.
	Hsieh, S.J.; Ware, L.B.; Eisner, M.D.; Yu, L.; Jacob, III, P.; Havel, C.; Goniewicz, M.L.; Matthay, M.A.; Benowitz, N.L.; Calfee, C.S., "Biomarkers increase detection of active smoking and secondhand smoke exposure in critically ill patients," Critical Care Medicine [Epub ahead of print], October 7, 2010.
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	Gotz, N.K.; van Tongeren, M.; Wareing, H.; Wallace, L.M.; Semple, S.; MacCalman, L., "Changes in air quality and second-hand smoke exposure in hospitality sector businesses after introduction of the English Smoke-free legislation," Journal of Public Health [Epub ahead of print], July 23, 2008.
	Schober, S.E.; Zhang, C.; Brody, D.J.; Marano, C., "Disparities in secondhand smoke exposure: United States, 1988-1994 and 1999-2004," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 57(27): 744-747, July 11, 2008.
	Fu, C.; Chen, Y.; Wang, T.; Edwards, N.Xu, B., "Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in Chinese new mothers decreased during pregnancy," Journal of Clinical Epidemiology [Epub ahead of print], July 9, 2008.
	Mbulo, L., "Changes in exposure to secondhand smoke among youth in Nebraska, 2002–2006," Preventing Chronic Disease 5(3): A84, July 2008.
	Vittinghoff, E.; Pérez-Stable E.J.; Tong, E.K.; Nguyen, T.T., "Smoking behaviors among immigrant Asian Americans rules for smoke-free homes," American Journal of Preventive Medicine 35(1): 64-67, July 2008.
	Repace, J., "Benefits of smoke-free regulations in outdoor settings: beaches, golf courses, parks, patios, and in motor vehicles," William Mitchell Law Review 34(4): 1621-1638, June 11, 2008.
	Farber, H.J.; Knowles, S.B.; Brown, N.L.; Caine, L.; Luna, V.; Qian, Y.; Lavori, P.; Wilson, S.R., "Secondhand tobacco smoke in children with asthma: sources of and parental perceptions about exposure in children and parental readiness to change," Chest 133(6): 1367-1374, June 2008.
	Hyland, A.; Travers, M.J.; Dresler, C.; Higbee, C.; Cummings, K.M., "A 32-country comparison of tobacco smoke derived particle levels in indoor public places," Tobacco Control 17(3): 159-165, June 2008.
	Mormann, D.; Ahrens, D.; Carbone, P.P.; Steinhoff, J., "Analysis of indoor air quality in eating and drinking establishments in La Crosse County," University of Wisconsin Comprehensive Cancer Center, June 2008. Abstract Unavailable.
	Wang, W.L.; Herting, J.R.; Tung, Y.Y., "Adolescents' avoidance of secondhand smoke exposure: model testing," Western Journal of Nursing Research [Epub ahead of print], May 30, 2008.
	Tynan, M.; Babb, S., "State smoking restrictions for private-sector worksites, restaurants, and bars — United States, 2004 and 2007," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 57(20): 549-552, May 23, 2008.
	Franchini, M.; Caruso, C.; Perico, A.; Pacifici, R.; Monleon, T.; Garcia-Algar, O.; Rossi, S.; Pichini, S., "Assessment of foetal exposure to cigarette smoke after recent implementations of smoke-free policy in Italy," Acta Paediatrica 97(5): 546-550, May 2008.
	Hughes, S.C.; Corcos, I.A.; Hofstetter, C.R.; Hovell, M.F.; Seo, D.C.; Irvin, V.L.; Park, H.R.; Paik, H.Y., "Secondhand smoke exposure among nonsmoking adults in Seoul, Korea," Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 9(2): 247-252, April-June, 2008.
	Eriksen, M.P.; Cerak, R.L., "The diffusion and impact of clean indoor air laws," Annual Review of Public Health 29: 171–185, 2008.
	Jedrychowski, W.; Perera, F.; Mroz, E.; Edwards, S.; Flak, E.; Bernert, J.T.; Mrozek-Budzyn, D.; Sowa, A.; Musial, A., "Fetal exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke assessed by maternal self-reports and cord blood cotinine: prospective cohort study in Krakow," Matern Child Health J. [Epub ahead of print], April 25, 2008.
	Gorini, G.; Moshammer, H.; Sbrogio, L.; Gasparrini, A.; Nebot, M.; Neuberger, M.; Tamang, E.; Lopez, M.J.; Galeone, D.; Serrahima, E., "Italy and Austria before and after study: second-hand smoke exposure in hospitality premises before and after 2 years from the introduction of the Italian smoking ban," Indoor Air [Epub Ahead of Print], April 21, 2008.
	Hughes, S.C.; Corcos, I.A.; Hofstetter, R.C.; Melbourne, F.H.; Irvin, V.L., "Environmental tobacco smoke exposure among Korean American nonsmokers in California," Nicotine & Tobacco Research 10(4): 663-670, April 1, 2008.
	Proescholdbell, S.K.; Foley, K.L.; Johnson, J.; Malek, S.H., "Indoor air quality in prisons before and after implementation of a smoking ban law," Tobacco Control 17(2): 123-127, April 1, 2008.
	Leatherdale, S.T.; Smith, P.; Ahmed, R., "Youth exposure to smoking in the home and in cars: how often does it happen and what do youth think about it?," Tobacco Control 17(2): 86-92, April 1, 2008.
	Wipfli, H.; Avila-Tang, E.; Navas-Acien, A.; Kim, S.; Onicescu, G.; Yuan, J.; Breysse, P.; Samet, J.M., "Secondhand smoke exposure among women and children: evidence from 31 countries," American Journal of Public Health 98(4), April 2008.
	Bloch, M.; Althabe, F.; Onyamboko, M.; Kaseba-Sata, C.; Castilla, E.E.; Freire, S.; Garces, A.L.; Parida, S.; Goudar, S.S.; Masood Kadir, M.; Goco, N.; Thornberry, J.; Daniels, M.; Bartz, J.; Hartwell, T.; Moss, N.; Goldenberg, R., "Tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy: an investigative survey of women in 9 developing nations," American Journal of Public Health 98(4), April 2008.
	Lee, K.; Hahn, E.J.; Pieper, N.; Okoli, C.T.C.; Repace, J.; Troutman, A., "Differential impacts of smoke-free laws on indoor air quality," Journal of Environmental Health 70(8): 24-30, April 2008.
	Hatsukami, D.; Jensen, J.; Hecht, S.; Murphy, S.; Lindgren, B., "Carcinogen and nicotine exposure in hospitality workers before and after the state comprehensive smoking ban," University of Minnesota Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center, March 27, 2008.
	Pizacani, B.A.; Martin, D.P.; Stark, M.J.; Koepsell, T.D.; Thompson, B.; Diehr, P., "Longitudinal study of household smoking ban adoption among households with at least one smoker: associated factors, barriers, and smoker support," Nicotine and Tobacco Research 10(3): 533-540, March 2008.
	Schneider, S.; Seibold, B.; Schunk, S.; Jentzsch, E.; Potschke-Langer, M.; Dresler, C.; Travers, M.J.; Hyland, A., "Exposure to secondhand smoke in Germany: air contamination due to smoking in German restaurants, bars, and other venues," Nicotine and Tobacco Research 10(3): 547-555, March 2008.
	Sendzik, T.; Fong, G.T.; Travers, M.J.; Hyland, A., "An experimental investigation of tobacco smoke pollution in cars," Toronto, ON: Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, March 2008. Abstract Unavailable.
	Hahn, E.J.; Lee, K.; Robertson, H.; Vogel, S.; Lee, S.; Peiper, N.C.; Powell, R.W.; Troutman, A., "Indoor air quality in Louisville: did passage of a comprehensive smoke-free ordinance clear the air?," University of Kentucky, College of Nursing and College of Public Health, February 19, 2008.
	Puig, C.; Garcia-Algar, O.; Monleon, T.; Pacifici, R.; Zuccaro, P.; Sunyer, J.; Figueroa, C.; Pichini, S.; Vall, O., "A longitudinal study of environmental tobacco smoke exposure in children: parental self reports versus age dependent biomarkers," BMC Public Health 8(1): 47, February 6, 2008.
	Lee, D.J.; Dietz, N.A.; Arheart, K.L.; Wilkinson, J.D.; Clark, III, J.D.; Caban-Martinez, A.J., "Respiratory effects of secondhand smoke exposure among young adults residing in a 'clean' indoor air state," Journal of Community Health [Epub ahead of print], February 2, 2008.
	Warren, C.W.; Jones, N.R.; Peruga, A.; Chauvin, J.; Baptiste, J.; Costa de Silva, V.; el Awa, F.; Tsouros, A.; Rahman, K.; Fishburn, B.; Bettcher, D.W.; Asma, S., "Global Youth Tobacco Surveillance, 2000-2007," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 57(SS-1): 1-22, January 25, 2008.
	Arheart, K.L.; Lee, D.J.; Dietz, N.A.; Wilkinson, J.D.; Clark, J.D.; LeBlanc, W.G.; Serdar, B.; Fleming, L.E., "Declining trends in serum cotinine levels in US worker groups: the power of policy," Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 50(1): 57-63, January 2008.
	Tyc, V.L.; Hovell, M.F.; Winickoff, J., "Reducing secondhand smoke exposure among children and adolescents: emerging issues for intervening with medically at-risk youth," Journal of Pediatric Psychology [Epub ahead of print], January 11, 2008.
	Benowitz, N.L.; Bernert, J.T.; Caraballo, R.S.; Holiday, D.B.; Wang, J., "Optimal serum cotinine levels for distinguishing cigarette smokers and nonsmokers within different racial/ethnic groups in the United States between 1999 and 2004," American Journal of Epidemiology [Epub Ahead of Print], 2008.
	Vardavas, C.I.; Kondilis, B.; Travers, M.J.; Petsetaki, E.; Tountas, Y.; Kafatos, A.G., "Environmental tobacco smoke in hospitality venues in Greece," BMC Public Health [Epub ahead of print], October 23, 2007.
	Granger, D.A.; Blair, C.; Willoughy, M.; Kivlighan, K.T.; Hibel, L.C.; Fortunato, C.K.; Wiegand, L.E., "Individual differences in salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase in mothers and their infants: relation to tobacco smoke exposure," Developmental #F1F8FFPsychobiology 49(7): 692-701, October 17, 2007.
	Valente, P.; Forastiere, F.; Bacosi, A.; Cattani, G.; Di Carlo, S.; Ferri, M.; Figa-Talamanca, I.; Marconi, A.; Paoletti, L.; Perucci, C.; Zuccaro, P., "Exposure to fine and ultrafine particles from secondhand smoke in public places before and after the smoking ban, Italy 2005," Tobacco Control 16(5): 312-317, October 2007.
	Pearson, D.; Angulo, A.; Bourcier, E.; Freeman, E.; Valdez, R., "Hospitality workers' attitudes and exposure to secondhand smoke, hazardous chemicals, and working conditions," Public Health Reports 122(5): 670-678, September-October, 2007.
	Lee, K.; Hahn, E.J.; Riker, C.; Seithers, P., "Immediate impact of smoke-free laws on indoor air quality," Southern Medical Journal 100(9): 885-889, September 2007.
	Pilkington, P.A.; Gray, S.; Gilmore, A.B., "Health impacts of exposure to second hand smoke (SHS) amongst a highly exposed workforce: survey of London casino workers," BMC Public Health 7(1): 257, September 21, 2007.
	Phillips, R.; Amos, A.; Ritchie, D.; Cunningham-Burley, S.; Martin, C., "Smoking in the home after the smoke-free legislation in Scotland: qualitative study," British Medical Journal, September 9, 2007.
	Haw, S.J.; Gruer, L., "Changes in exposure of adult non-smokers to secondhand smoke after implementation of smoke-free legislation in Scotland: national cross sectional survey," British Medical Journal, September 9, 2007.
	Akhtar, P.C.; Currie, D.B.; Currie, C.E.; Haw, S.J., "Changes in child exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (CHETS) study after implementation of smoke-free legislation in Scotland: national cross sectional survey," British Medical Journal, September 9, 2007.
	Semple, S.; MacCalman, L.; Atherton Naji, A.; Dempsey, S.; Hilton, S.; Miller, B.G.; Ayres, J.G., "Bar workers' exposure to second-hand smoke: the effect of Scottish smoke-free legislation on occupational exposure," Annals of Occupational Hygiene [Epub ahead of print], August 12, 2007.
	Lee, K.; Hahn, E.J.; Riker, C.A.; Hoehne, A.; White, A.; Greenwell, D.; Thompson, D., "Secondhand smoke exposure in a rural high school," Journal of School Nursing 23(4): 222-228, August 2007.
	Higbee, C.; Travers, M.J.; Hyland, A., "New Mexico air monitoring study: June-August 2007," Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Department of Health Behavior, August 2007. Abstract unvailable.
	[n.a.], "Reduced Secondhand Smoke Exposure After Implementation of a Comprehensive Statewide Smoking Ban --- New York, June 26, 2003--June 30, 2004," Morbidity and #F1F8FFMortality Weekly Report 56(28), July 20, 2007.
	Okoli, C.T.; Hall, L.A.; Rayens, M.K.; Hahn, E.J., "Measuring tobacco smoke exposure among smoking and nonsmoking bar and restaurant workers," Biological Research for Nursing 9(1): 81-89, July 2007.
	Stark, M.J.; Rohde, K.; Maher, J.E.; Pizacani, B.A.; Dent, C.W.; Bard, R.; Carmella, S.G.; Benoit, A.R.; Thomson, N.M.; Hecht, S.S., "The impact of clean indoor air exemptions and preemption policies on the prevalence of a tobacco-specific lung carcinogen among nonsmoking bar and restaurant workers," American Journal of Public Health [Epub ahead of print], June 28, 2007.
	Joseph, D.V.; Jackson, J.A.; Westaway, J.A.; Taub, N.A.; Petersen, S.A.; Wailoo, M.P., "Effect of parental smoking on cotinine levels in newborns," Archives of Disease in Childhood, Fetal and Neonatal Edition [Epub ahead of print], June 19, 2007.
	Bolte, G.; Heitmann, D.; Kiranoglu, M.; Schierl, R.; Diemer, J.; Koerner, W.; Fromme, H., "Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in German restaurants, pubs and discotheques," Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology [Epub ahead of print], June 13, 2007.
	Uslan, K.; Forster, J.L.; Chen, V., "Smoking policies in small worksites in Minnesota," American Journal of Health Promotion 21(5): 416-421, May-June, 2007.
	Bettcher, D.W.; Peruga, A.; Fishburn, B.; Baptiste, J.; El-Awa, F.; Nikogosian, H.; Rahman, K.; Costa de Silva, V.; Chauvin, J.; Warren, C.W.; Jones, N.R.; Lee, J.; Lea, V.; Lewis, M.; Babb, S.; Asma, S.; McKenna, M.T., "Exposure to secondhand smoke among students aged 13-15 years: worldwide, 2000-2007," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) 56(20): 497-500, May 25, 2007.
	Trosclair, A.; Babb, S.; Murphy-Hoefer, R.; Asman, K.; Husten, C.; Malarcher, A., "State-specific prevalence of smoke-free home rules: United States, 1992-2003," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) 56(20): 501-504, May 25, 2007.
	Klepeis, N.E.; Ott, W.R.; Switzer, P., "Real-time measurement of outdoor tobacco smoke particles," Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 57: 522-534, 2007.
	Halterman, J.S.; Fagnano, M.; Conn, K.M.; Lynch, K.A.; Delbalso, M.A.; Chin, N.P., "Barriers to reducing ETS in the homes of inner-city children with asthma," Journal of Asthma 44(2): 83-88, March 2007.
	Widome, R.; Jacobs, D.R.; Schreiner, P.J.; Iribarren, C., "Passive smoke exposure trends and workplace policy in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study (1985-2001)," Preventive Medicine [Epub ahead of print] February 23, 2007.
	Bajanowski, T.; Brinkmann, B.; Mitchell, E.A.; Vennemann, M.M.; Leukel, H.W.; Larsch, K.P.; Beike, J., "Nicotine and cotinine in infants dying from sudden infant death syndrome," International Journal of Legal Medicine, [Epub ahead of print], February 7, 2007.
	de Chazeron, I.; Llorca, P.; Ughetto, S.; Coudore, F.; Boussiron, D.; Perriot, J.; Vendittelli, F.; Sapin, V.; Lemery, D., "Occult maternal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke exposure," Tobacco Control 16(1): 64-65, February 1, 2007.
	Invernizzi, G.; Ruprecht, A.; De Marco, C.; Paredi, P.; Boffi, R., "Residual tobacco smoke: measurement of its washout time in the lung and of its contribution to environmental tobacco smoke," Tobacco Control 16(1): 29-33, February 1, 2007.
	Sorensen, M.; Bisgaard, H.; Stage, M.; Loft, S., "Biomarkers of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in infants," Biomarkers 12(1): 38-46, January/February 2007.
	Okoli, C.T.; Kelly, T.; Hahn, E.J., "Secondhand smoke and nicotine exposure: a brief review," Addictive Behaviors [Epub ahead of print], January 8, 2007.
	Matt, G.E.; Mebourne, F.H.; Quintana, P.J.E.; Zakarian, J.; Liles, S.; Meltzer, S.B.; Benowitz, N.L., "The variability of urinary cotinine levels in young children: implications for measuring ETS exposure," Nicotine and Tobacco Research 9(1): 83-92, January 2007.
	Rees, V.W.; Connolly, G., "Measuring air quality to protect children from secondhand smoke in cars," American Journal of Preventive Medicine 31(5): 363-368, November 2006.
	Maurice, E.; Thorne, S.; Ajani, U.; Malarcher, A.; Merritt, R.; Husten, C., "State-specific prevalence of current cigarette smoking among adults and secondhand smoke rules and policies in homes and workplaces --- United States, 2005," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 55(42);1148-1151, October 27, 2006.
	Edwards, R.; Wilson, N.; Pierse, N., "Highly hazardous air quality associated with smoking in cars: New Zealand pilot study," New Zealand Medical Journal 119(1244), October 2006.
	Alipour, S.; Deschamps, F.; Lesage, F.X.; Lebargy, F., "Estimation of annual incidence of lung cancer associated with work place exposure to passive smoking in France," Journal of Occupational Health 48(5): 329-331, September 2006.
	Warren, C.W.; Jones, N.R.; Eriksen, M.P.; Asma, S., "Patterns of global tobacco use in young people and implications for future chronic disease burden in adults," Lancet 367(9512):749-753, March 4, 2006.
	Repace, J.; Hughes, E.; Benowitz, N., "Exposure to second-hand smoke air pollution assessed from bar patrons’ urinary cotinine," Nicotine & Tobacco Research 8(5): 701-711, October 2006.
	Polanska, K.; Hanke, W.; Ronchetti, R.; Van Den Hazel, P.; Zuurbier, M.; Koppe, J.G.; Bartonova, A., "Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and children's health," Acta Paediatrica Supplement 95(453): 86-92, October 2006.
	Martin, J.; George, R.; Andrews, K.; Barr, P.; Bicknell, D.; Insull, E.; Knox, C.; Liu, J.; Naqshband, M.; Romeril, K.; Wong, D.; Thomson, G.; Wilson, N., "Observed smoking in cars: a method and differences by socioeconomic area," Tobacco Control 15(5): 409-411, October 2006.
	Pickett, M.S.; Schober, S.E.; Brody, D.J.; Curtin, L.R.; Giovino, G.A., "Smoke-free laws and secondhand smoke exposure in US non-smoking adults, 1999–2002," Tobacco Control 15(4): 302-307, August 2006.
	Skorge T.D.; Eagan T.M.; Eide G.E.; Gulsvik A.; Bakke P.S., "Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in a general population," Respir Med. [Epub ahead of print], June 28, 2006.
	GTSS Collaborative Group, "A cross country comparison of exposure to secondhand smoke among youth," Tobacco Control 15(Supplement 2): ii4-ii19, June 2006.
	Pirkle, J.L.; Bernert, J.T.; Caudill, S.P.; Sosnoff, C.S.; Pechacek, T.F., "Trends in the exposure of nonsmokers in the U.S. population to secondhand smoke: 1988-2002," Environmental Health Perspectives 114(6): 853-858, June 2006.
	Berg, C.J.; Sanderson Cox, L.; Nazir, N.; Mussulman, L.M.; Ahluwalia, J.S.; Ellerbeck, E.F., "Correlates of home smoking restrictions among rural smokers," Nicotine and Tobacco Research 8(3): 353-360, June 2006.
	McNabola, A.; Broderick, B.; Johnston, P.; Gill, L., "Effects of the smoking ban on benzene and 1,3-butadiene levels in pubs in Dublin," Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A, , Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering 41(5): 799–810, May 2006.
	Deverell, M.; Randolph, C.; Albers, A.; Hamilton, W.; Siegel M., "Diffusion of local restaurant smoking regulations in Massachusetts: identifying disparities in health protection for population subgroups," Journal of Public Health Management and Practice 12(3): 262-269, May 2006.
	Boffi, R.; Ruprecht, A.; Mazza, R.; Ketzel, M.; Invernizzi, G., "A day at the European Respiratory Society Congress: passive smoking influences both outdoor and indoor air quality," European Respiratory Journal 27(4): 862-863, April 2006. Abstract Unavailable.
	Halterman, J.S.; Fagnano, M.; Conn, K.M.; Szilagyi, P.G., "Do parents of urban children with persistent asthma ban smoking in their homes and cars?," Ambulatory Pediatrics 6(2): 115-119, March 2006.
	Ellingsen, D.G.; Fladseth, G.; Daae, H.L.; Gjolstad, M.; Kjaerheim, K.; Skogstad, M.; Olsen, R.; Thorud, S.; Molander, P., "Airborne exposure and biological monitoring of bar and restaurant workers before and after the introduction of a smoking ban," Journal of Environmental Monitoring 8(3): 362-368, 2006.
	Yousey, Y.K., "Household characteristics, smoking bans, and passive smoke exposure in young children," Journal of Pediatric Health Care: 20(2): 98-105, March 2006.
	Yun, S.; Chanetsa, F.; Kelsey, A.; Zhu, B., "Active and passive smoking among asthmatic Missourians: Implications for health education," Preventive Medicine, February 16, 2006. [Epub ahead of print]
	Palmersheim, K.A.; Remington, P.L.; Gundersen, D.F., "The impact of a smoke-free ordinance on the health and attitudes of bartenders," University of Wisconsin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tobacco Surveillance & Evaluation Program, February 2006.
	Adda, J.; Cornaglia, F., "The effect of taxes and bans on passive smoking," Australian National University, Centre for Economic Policy Research, January 2006.
	Repace, J.L.; Al-Delaimy, W.K.; Bernert, J.T., "Correlating atmospheric and biological markers in studies of secondhand tobacco smoke exposure and dose in children and adults," Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 47(12), December 2005.
	Lee, D.J.; Arheart, K.L.; Trapido, E.; Soza-Vento, R.; Rodriguez, R., "Accuracy of parental and youth reporting of secondhand smoke exposure: The Florida youth cohort study, " Addictive Behaviors 30(8): 1555-1562, September 2005
	Mulcahy, M.; Evans, D.S.; Hammond, S.K.; Repace, J.L.; Byrne, M., "Secondhand smoke exposure and risk following the Irish smoking ban: an assessment of salivary cotinine concentrations in hotel workers and air nicotine levels in bars," Tobacco Control 1: 384-388, 2005.
	Farrelly, M.C.; Nonnemaker, J.M.; Chou, R.; Hyland, A.; Peterson, K.K.; Bauer, U.E., "Changes in hospitality workers’ exposure to secondhand smoke following the implementation of New York’s smoke-free law," Tobacco Control 14(4): 236-241, August 2005.
	Chriqui, J.; O’Connor, J.; Babb, S.; Blair, N.A.; Vaughn, G.; MacNeil, A., "State smoking restrictions for private-sector worksites, restaurants, and bars — United States, 1998 and 2004," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 54(26): 649-653, July 8, 2005.
	Wakefield, M.; Cameron, M.; Inglis, G.; Letcher, T.; Durkin, S., "Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Respiratory Symptoms Among Casino, Club, and Office Workers in Victoria, Australia," Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 47(7):698-703, July 2005.
	Hahn, E.J.; Rayens, M.K.; York, N.; Dignan, M.; Al-Delaimy, W.K., "Secondhand smoke exposure in restaurant and bar workers before and after Lexington's smoke-free ordinance," University of Kentucky, College of Nursing, July 5, 2005.
	Plescia, M.; Malek, S.H.; Shopland, D.R.; Anderson, C.M.; Burns, D.M., "Protecting workers from secondhand smoke in North Carolina," North Carolina Medical Journal 66(3): 186-191, May/June, 2005.
	Abrams, S.M.; Mahoney, M.; Hyland, A.; Cummings, K.M., "Clean indoor air laws protect hospitality workers: evidence from New York state," 2005 National Conference on Tobacco or Health, May 4, 2005. Abstract Unavailable
	Hammond, S.K.; Emmons, K.M., "Inmate exposure to secondhand smoke in correctional facilities and the impact of smoking restrictions," Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology 15(3): 205–211, May 2005.
	Skeer, M.; Cheng, D.M.; Rigotti, N.A.; Siegel, M., "Secondhand smoke exposure in the workplace," American Journal of Preventive Medicine 28(4): 331-337, May 2005.
	Tulunay, O.E.; Hecht, S.S.; Carmella, S.G.; Zhang, Y.; Lemmonds, C.; Murphy, S.; Hatsukami, D.K., "Urinary metabolites of a tobacco-specific lung carcinogen in nonsmoking hospitality workers," Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 14(5): 1283-1286, May 2005.
	Pyle, S.A.; Haddock, C.K.; Hymowitz, N.; Schwab, J.; Meshberg, S., "Family rules about exposure to environmental tobacco smoke," Families, Systems, & Health 23(1): 3-16, 2005.
	Wilson, S.E.; Kahn, R.S.; Khoury, J.; Lanphear, B.P., "Racial differences in exposure to environmental tobacco smoke among children," Environmental Health Perspectives 113(3), March 2005.
	Nebot, M., Lopez, M.J., Gorini, G.; Neuberger, M.; Axelsson, S.; Pilali, M.; Fonseca, C.; Abdennbi, K.; Hackshaw, A.; Moshammer, H.; Laurent, A.M.; Salles, J.; Georgouli, M.; Fondelli, M.C.; Serrahima, E.; Centrich, F.; Hammond, S.K., "Environmental tobacco smoke exposure in public places of European cities," Tobacco Control 14(1): 60-63, February 2005.
	McMullen, K.M.; Brownson, R.C.; Luke, D.; Chriqui, J., "Strength of clean indoor air laws and smoking related outcomes in the USA," Tobacco Control 14(1): 43-48, February 2005.
	Pevzner, E.S.; Davis, R.M., "Survey of airport smoking policies: United States, 2002," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 53(50): 1175-1178, December 24, 2004.
	Albers, A.B.; Siegel, M.; Cheng, D.M.; Rigotti, N.A.; Biener, L., "Effects of restaurant and bar smoking regulations on exposure to environmental tobacco smoke among Massachusetts adults," American Journal of Public Health 94(11): 1959-1964, November 2004.
	Gu, D.; Wu, X.; Reynolds, K.; Duan, X.; Xin, X.; Reynolds, R.F.; Whelton, P.K.; He, J., "Cigarette smoking and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in China: the International Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease in Asia," American Journal of Public Health 94(11): 1972-1976, November 2004.
	Moussa, K.M.; Lindstrom, M.; Ostergren, P-O, "Socioeconomic and demographic differences in exposure to environmental tobacco smoke at work: the Scania Public Health Survey 2000," Scand J Public Health 32: 194-202, 2004.
	Sockrider, M.M., "Addressing tobacco smoke exposure: passive and active," Pediatric Pulmonology Supplement 26: 183-187, 2004.
	Levy, D.T.; Romano, E.; Mumford, E.A., "Recent trends in home and work smoking bans," Tobacco Control 13(3): 258-263, September 2004.
	Cabana, M.D.; Slish, K.K.; Lewis, T.C.; Brown, R.W.; Nan, B.; Lin, X.; Clark, N.M., "Parental management of asthma triggers within a child's environment," Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 114(2): 352-357, August 2004.
	Kim, H.; Lim, Y.; Lee, S.; Park, S.; Kim, C.; Hong, C.; Shin, D., "Relationship between environmental tobacco smoke and urinary cotinine levels in passive smokers at their residence," Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology 14(Supplement 1): S65-S70, April 2004.
	Shopland, D.R.; Anderson, C.M.; Burns, D.M.; Gerlach, K.K., "Disparities in smoke-free workplace policies among food service workers," Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 46(4): 347-356, April 2004.
	Nazaroff, W.W.; Singer, B.C., "Inhalation of hazardous air pollutants from environmental tobacco smoke in US residences," Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology 14(1): S71-S77, April 2004.
	Hecht, S.S., "Carcinogen derived biomarkers: applications in studies of human exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke," Tobacco Control 13(Suppl. I): i48-i56, March 2004.
	Matt, G.E.; Quintana, P.J.E.; Hovell, M.F.; Bernert, J.T.; Song, S.; Novianti, N.; Juarez, T.; Floro, J.; Gehrman, C.; Garcia, M.; Larson, S., "Households contaminated by environmental tobacco smoke: sources of infant exposures," Tobacco Control 13(1): 29-37, March 2004.
	Repace, J., "Flying the smoky skies: secondhand smoke exposure of flight attendants," Tobacco Control 13(Suppl. I): i8-i19, March 2004.
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Last updated on: May 15, 2013